Low-level disinfection refers to the use of an agent that destroys all vegetative bacteria (except tubercle bacilli) and destroys most viruses - including Hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These agents are not effective against bacterial spores.

Examples of low-level disinfectants include hospital disinfectants registered with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), with a HBV and HIV label claim.

Low-level disinfection is generally appropriate for most environmental surfaces.